C'est Julie qui nous présentait ensuite la salle des malades de l'Hôpital Saint-Jean, voici sa fiche en anglais avec un lexique.
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EN / ANJOU |
ST JOHN’S HOSPITAL IN ANGERS- THE SICK WARD |
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DOC |
ANJOU STYLE GOTHIC ARCHITECTURE – UTILITARIAN BUILDING – HOSPITAL LIFE |
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*Audio guides of the museum *HUCHARD V., St John’s Hospital Angers, translated by A. Moyon, Rennes, Editions Ouest-France, 1992 *J.IMBERT, L'histoire des hôpitaux de France, Toulouse, ed. Privat, 1982 |
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Location 12th c. / 1175 Focus Architecture
Hospital’s life
12th-13th 1267 1533 1489-1559 1640 1874 1968-86 |
Angers, on the right bank of the river Maine founded by Etienne de Marsay, wealthy layman with the support of the abbess of Le Ronceray and Henri II Plantagenet One of the last examples of hospitals founded in the 12th c. Anjou style Gothic architecture Life of the hospital through the ages Contrast façade / inside Anjou-style Gothic cross ribs vaults, slender columns with floral capitals (12th) paving slabs with the crusader’s cross (order who built the hospital) + sober glass windows designed by Pierre Prunet, reflecting the rhythm of the sun(20th), east wall paintings (17th), old stone gate (rue Gay Lussac) “Hospital” comes from the Christian hospitality (based on charity) Development of hospitals in France (about 1000 at that time) *hospital statutes – shared responsibility Laymen and friars 4 priests appointed by the abbess of Le Ronceray, 30 Augustinian friars and their prior, surgeons, laypeople, servants, cooks, etc. *first doctor appointed by the faculty of medicine in Angers + 4 burghers elected by the town council in charge of the management of the hospital *arrival of the Daughters of Charity apothecary – donation by Lucrèce Maumussard ward partition (hooks on columns), 360 beds, men and women, several patients per bed, western entrance, altars on the eastern wall Admission – refused to lepers, handicapped people, orphans, thieves and ex-convicts, contagious people – except during major plague epidemics (14th-15th) Hygiene: network of pipes under the building: waste waters brick ducts > cesspools, lead pipes to bring clear water into basins, central heating – hot air from an outside fire. Graves of priors found under the building. Weekly examination, diet: fish, poultry, eggs + half pint of wine Apothecary – inventories: oak boxes, ceramics, utensils, jars keeping medical plants and ointments, pewter theriaca jar with the emblem of St Jean (curing poisoning), plaster’s cupboard (17th) The place remained a hospital during 700 years *archaeological museum *setting up of Jean Lurçat’s “Song of the World” tapestry part of the contemporary tapestry museum |
LEXIQUE :
Ward – salle
Laypeople / layman - les laïques
Cross ribs vaults – voûte sur croisée d’ogive
Slender - mince
Friars - moine
Prior - prieur
Surgeon – chirurgien
Burgher - bourgeois
Daughters of Charity – congrégation religieuse: Les Soeurs de la Charité
Apothecary - pharmacie
Hook - crochet
Altar - autel
Lepers – lépreux; la lèpre = leprosy
Thieve - voleur
Plague – la Peste
Pipes - canalisation
Waste water brick ducts – conduits en brique pour les eaux usées
Cesspool – fosse à rejets
Lead - plomb
Grave - tombe
Poultry - volaille
Pint – un demi litre
Oak - chêne
Utensils – ustensile, ici plutôt utilisé dans le sens d’instrument
Ointments - onguent
Pewter jar – jarre recouverte d’étain (“pewter” est utilisé pour l’alliage et “tin” pour la matière première; les deux termes désignant l’étain)
Theriaca – Thériaque (contrepoison)
To cure - soigner
Plaster - pansement
